STRAMONIUM (Datura stramonium)

STRAMONIUM (Datura stramonium)

  May 31, 2017    Unknown

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STRAMONIUM

Synonym: Thorn apple leaf, datura

Biological source: It consists of dried leaves and flowering tops of Datura stramonium belonging to family Solanaceae. It should contain not less than 0.25% of the alkaloid (hyoscyamine).

Geographical source: It is indigenous to Caspian region. It is cultivated in United state, South America, France, Germany and Hungary.

Macroscopic characters: 
-Leaves are very thin, brittle, shortly petiolate with unequal base. Apex is accumulate, margin is dentately lobed. It is grayish green in color with unpleasant odor and bitter taste.The shape is ovate or triangular ovate.

Microscopic characters:
-Leaf is dorsiventral
-Epidermal cells of both sides shows anisocytic stomata.
-Epidermal cells are covered with thin cuticle and glandular and non glandular trichome.
-Palisade is single layered, spongy cells 6-8 layered.
-Spongy cells contain calcium oxalate crystal.


Chemical constituents: l-hyosciamine, hyosine, atropine.

Uses:
-Stramonium leaves are used in the treatment of asthma.
-It is used to control salivation, muscular rigidity and tremors in Parkinson's disease.
-Due to sedative property of hyosciamine it is used to control motion sickness.